Steam-engine



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I. A.- P. HALL.

STEAM ENGINE.

Patented Oct. 1-2, 1886.

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3 Sheets--Sheet 2.

Patented out. 12, 1886.

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STEAM ENGINE.

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

A. I'. HALL.

STEAM ENGINE.

No. 350,736. Patented Oct. 12, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

ALBERT F. HALL, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

STEAM-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 350,736, dated October 12, 1886.

Application llcd December 14, 1885.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. HALL, of Boston, county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Steam-Engines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying'drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention relating to steam-engines is shown embodied in a duplex compound directacting pumping-engine, the object of theinvention being to provide increased power when needed without necessarily increasing the initial pressure of the actuating-duid.

In another application, tiled December 14, 1885, Serial No. 185,600, I have shown and described an engine comprising two cylinders of different diameters, no rmally operating as a compound engine, the actuating-Huid at initial pressure, which will, for convenience, be spoken of as live steam, being admitted to the smaller cylinder and the exhaust from the smaller cylinder operating in a larger cylinder, which exhausts into the atmosphere or into a condenser, in the usual manner, together with passages and valves therein, by which live steam may be admitted directly to the large cylinder and the exhaust from the small cylinder cut off from the large cylinder and directed into the atmosphere or condenser, so that each cylinder becomes a simple engine operating practically independently of the other, although in conjunction with it.

The present invention consists, mainly, in a novel arrangement of the passages connecting the different cylinders ot' the duplex engine together and with the main steam-inlet and exhaust pipes, and in. the combination, with the said passages, oi' a single valve or controlling device governing` the direction ot'` the iiow of the fluid through the said passages, whereby the two cylinders may be made to Work together as a compound engine, vor may be made to work separately, each receiving and exhausting steam independently of the other.

Figure l is a plan view of a compound duplex pumping-engine embodying this invention 5 Fig. 2, a side elevation thereof, Fig. 3, an end elevation thereof; Fig. 4, a diagram illustrating the relation of the passages and the dow of steam therethrough; Fig. 5, a plan Serial No. 185.599. (Nomedel.)

view of the chestinto which the live steam is received from the boiler, the cover of the said chest being removed; Fig. 6, a rear elevation of said chest; Fig. 7, an end elevation thereof; Fig. 8, a horizont-al section on line .e af, Fig. 6; Fig. 9, a longitudinal section on line 1/, Fig. 5; and Figs. l() and l1, details showing the controlling-Valve in different positions.

The engines A A are of any suitable or usual construction, being shown as such as used in duplex pumps, the piston of one Vengine controlling the valve of the other, although the present invention is applicable equally to a single engine, and the operation otthe parts governing the application of motive-Huid to the two cylinders of either engine would be thesame whether one or both engines were used, and will, for convenience, be described in connection with one only ot' the said engines. Each engine, as A, has two cylinders, a a', the one of smaller diameter than the other, normally intended to co-operate together asa duplex engine, live steam being admitted io the smaller or high-pressure cylinder,c, and the exhaust from the said cylinder a passing' into a receiver, c, or other passage which supplies or is connected with the inlet to the larger' or low-pressure c vlinder, a', from which the steam is finally exhausted through the main exhaust-passagefj".

In order to control the dow ot' steam with relation to the cylinders a a', so that it may pass to the smaller cylinder and then to the larger cylinder, as previously described, or so that, if desired, the live steam may pass directly to cach cylinder and the steam be eX- hausted from each independently ofthe other, the engine is provided with a controlling apparatus included in a chest, I), into which live steam is admitted directly from ther boiler through the main inlet-passage B, and from which it passes directly through the chest b to the smaller cylinder, a, the exhaust from which passes th rough pipes c into the receiver c. The floor of they chest b is provided with a valve-seat, bt', (best shown in Figs. 9, l0, and 11,) having three ports controlled by a valve,

b, of proper construction to connect the middle one of thc said ports with the one at either side of it, according to the position of the said valve on its seat, the valve being oper- The ports communicate ated by a handle, b4.

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connecting the ports d* and d4, so that the ex with chambers in the casting below the valveseat. (Best shown in Figs. 8 and 9.) The receiver c communicates, through pipe d and passage d', (see Fig. 8,) with the middle chamber, d, below the valve-seat, which chamber has no outlet, except the port cl3 in the valveseat. The port di, at one end of the valveseat, communicates with a chamber, d5, be low it, the only outlet from which, for engine A, is through passages d and pipe di, (see Fig. 3,) said pipe being the inlet to the steamchest of the larger cylinder, a', of the engine. Normally,when the engine is to operate as a compound engine, the valve b is in the position shown in Fig. l0, separating all the ports from the interior of the chest b, so that the live steam is not admitted to any of them and .haust from the smaller cylinder, c, passes through the passage l into the chamber cl2, thence through the port d and pocket of the valve'b3 into the port d* and chamber d, and thence by passage d7 to the larger cylinder,c, from which, after having acted on the piston in the usual manner, it is exhausted through the pipeff. (See Fig. 3.) When, however, it is desired to admit Steam at full initial pressure to the larger cylinder, c', in order to increase the power of the engine, the controlling-valve b is moved to the position shown in Fig. 1l, first disconnecting the port clfrom the one di", as shown in Fig. 9, so that the exhaust ofthe small cylinder can no longer pass to the large cylinder, and then in its further movement uncovering the port di, as shown in Fig. 11, so that the live steam will pass directly into the chamber d5, and thence through pipe (ZT to the large cylinder.

In order to provide for the independent exhaust from the small cylinder when it no longer enters thel large cylinder, the third port, m, in the valve-seat communicates with the chamber m below, connected through passage m2 with a pipe, m, leading to the main exhaust-passagef, and in the movement of the controlling-valve b from the position shown in Fig. l0, where the cylinders operate as a compound engine, to the position shown in Fig. 1l, where the cylinders operate independently, the port d, taking exhaust from the receiver c and small cylinder c, is connected by the valve Z13 wit-h the port m and main exhaust passage before its connection with the port d" is cut off; or the valve may be so constructed that the port m is opened at the same time that the port d* is closed, and when the valve b3 is in the position shown either in Figs. 9 or 1l, the small cylinder exhausts directly through the passages d d d2 d into the passage m m mi m, and finally into the main exhaust-pipef. Then the valve b3 is in the position shown in Fig. 9, the large cylinder neither receives the exhaust from the small cylinder` nor live steam from the chest Z, and in this position the small cylinder would operate alone as a single engine, and in moving the valve from the position shown in Fig. 9 to that shown in Fig. 11, the opening of the port d* will be varied so that the amount of live steam admitted to the large Vcylinder may be regulated without interfering with the proper independent exhaust of the small cylinder.

In the diagram, Fig. 4C, the full-line arrows represent the direction of iiow of steam when the two cylinders are operating together as a compound engine, and the dotted arrows represent the flow of steam when the engines are each operating independently, the doubleheaded arrows in each case representing exhaust-steam once, and the tripleheaded arrows steam that has expanded twice.

I claml. `A duplex compound direct-acting steam pumping engine comprising two small or high-pressure 'and two large or low-pressure cylinders, a main steam-inlet passage, and the main exhaust-passage, combined -with connectpound direct-acting steam-engine compris' ing two high pressure and two low-pressure cylinders, of a chest receiving the actuating-Huid at full pressure and communicating with the inlet to the high-pressure cylinders, the said chest having a valve-seat with three kports and three independent chambers below them, and a slide-valve which may cover or uncover one of the end ports, and may coniy nect the middle port with the one at either side of it, the chamber below the middle port receiving the exhaust from the high-pressure cylinders, and the chamber at one side of it being connected with the inlet to the lowpressure cylinders, and the chamber at the other side of it being connected with the main exhaust-passage to the engine, substantially as described. Y

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT F. HALL.

Witnesses:

F. L. EMERY, B. J. Norris. 

